Big data adoption is sweeping across the financial sector,
gaining widespread acceptance among lending institutions as well. While some
banks might call themselves pioneers of this movement, it is the medium and
small scale lenders who are really driving this trend. The lending marketplace
is abuzz with how big data is helping to decode more risk-appropriate lending
profiles. Data analytics is being used to increase the quality of customer
service and arrest cases of fraud.
Big Data Not Always
Associated with Bigger Businesses
The adoption of big data doesn’t have a uniform pattern. Some
of the bigger, more established financial institutes might be collecting more data
from conventional points of customer interaction only. However, lending
agencies handling smaller loans are more likely to analyze poor credit
histories to ascertain the overall chances of recovery and the ability to repay
another loan. Here, the idea is simple—take a calculated, manageable risk by
offering smaller loans to credit-worthy consumers.
Big Data Can be
Seemingly Insignificant Data
The indicators used to evaluate borrower profiles are
breaking new ground with regularity. Even social media channels that carry
employment information or email accounts with a regular history of making
payments or receiving funds are being analyzed. The emphasis is on looking
beyond the typical buying and payment history of a consumer. Instead, the focus
is on the present and near-future ability of the borrower to repay a small
loan. Having a stable job over the past few months can be a stronger argument
against the non-payment of a small loan years ago. Similarly, small businesses
paying taxes on time and interacting with customers on Facebook, Twitter, or
LinkedIn are more likely to be approved for a loan.
Yes, demographic information and credit history are still
important. However, these conventional parameters took a severe beating in the
aftermath of the recession. People with otherwise good credit histories too were
caught in this mess. Therefore, credit histories that show positive signs of
complete recovery are worthy of being given another chance. When analyzed
further with big data analytics, many such deserving borrowers can be
identified.
Will big data overturn
debt cycles that cripple households?
The answer lies in how you perceive the question:
Do you look at it as technology coming to the aid of people
who are conventionally not credit-worthy? (unlikely)
Or,
Do you perceive it as traditional evaluation parameters being
improved by using contemporary technologies? (practical and feasible)
The ideal way to look at this argument is accepting that big
data provides a better way to identify consumers who can make monthly payments
despite a somewhat-flawed credit history. Big data is not the magical cure that
some families might expect it to be.
Similarly, big data cannot guarantee loan
payments. It is essentially a relief to a market that is still recovering. It
cannot alleviate poverty or the healthcare crisis. However, big data will
ensure that a larger part of the credit-deserving population is well served.
Much of the information collected as a part of the big data strategy is already
in the public domain. If the reputation of a neighborhood or money earned during
seasonal employment is used to determine credit reliability, is someone being
harmed?



